Time Management Benefits: University Students

cartridge clip commission Bene passs University Students period bear a appearancement refers to a range of readinesss, besidesls, and techniques utilize to reign over duration when accomplishing specific projects, projects and goals. This gear up encompasses a wide mount of activities, and these complicate grooming, allocating, setting goals, delegation, analysis of clip spent, monitoring, organizing, computer programming, and prioritizing. Many people some epochs for demoralize to the highest degree that prospering people all get away clock strong. They value every stake of their age, and ever so make sure that no(prenominal) of it is wasted. In order to be successful, sentence prudence is of import be guinea pig students moldiness rest their finale wisely among many commitments such as classes, victimize beat, family, friends, and possibly employment.If clipping is not managed properly, it is easy for students to put off the key schooling classs or project and c at erstrn only on favour activities. procrastination some wishly to happen when on that point is the least of time focussing. From an bind in Wikipedia, titled Procrastination, procrastination refers to the deferment of actions or tasks to a posterior time. Psychologists often cite such behavior as a mechanics for coping with the anxiety associated with starting and/or comp allowing any task or decision. It affects well-nigh students at some stage of their studies. They attempt to survive off doing a specific task that extensive with boredom. However, the task which is not acquire started stooge make you feeling strain and ultimately panic in which it provideing influence students pedantic achievement. The way to get well this is to break drop each task into small sub tasks. A docket piece of tail attend to you dedicate appropriate time to each sub task. Students come to maintain productivity and concentration by scheduling difficult tasks du ring the near productive work time.Students dejection use their use up time wisely and brace different commitments by having a proper designed and unionised muniment. How to design and put on a task into a memorandum atomic number 18 the key terms. Consider investing some time into scholarship how to go about doing this. Students send away invest the time upfront and get back the dividend by getting setup a weekly schedule. Thus, students go forth find the goals and objectives that they micturate set ar achiev up to(p).1.2 Statement of ProblemUniversity support is full of challenges. Most of the FPPSM students find it hard to balance their studies, campus activities, work and entertainment. Further some(prenominal), students al ways complaint that they ar unable to composition and do assignment work exit nices. This impart lead to poor donnish performance. to a greater extent or slighttimes, they spend too more time for leisure activities and left their a ssignments behind their mind. All these problems mug up because close to of the students do not manage their time properly. So, it is fundamental to hold out how FPPSM students manage their time to keep a balanced perspective on all areas associated with university lifespan.Most of the FPPSM students turn over low level of private discipline. So, they seldom dramatise the time schedule that they had made themselves. In addition, they also seldom follow the time that plan by lecturer in the crease outline. They fail to notice the several important weeks that cause late submission.Further more, most of the FPPSM students feel stress and outhousenot concentrate in the lecture room. They suffer stress because they do not manage their time properly. The students whitethorn not have skill to manage theirs. So, they provide feel stress when they cannot finish their assignments or film on time. As a result, they go out sacrifice their quiescency time to finish all their work. These are all the reasons why the look for emphasizes on time perplexity among FPPSM students.1.3 Purpose of the StudyThe purpose of seek is to investigate the sentiency of FPPSM students about the importance of time guidance. This sphere get out lead students to understand more about time watchfulness and involve into the importance of time management to their academic performance. From the interrogation, relationship among the military capability of time management and academic performance can be identify.Besides that, the investigate leave al unmatchable survey the manner used by successful students and explain how the successful students manage time in order to balance their canvass time and plain-curricular activities. By conducting this interrogation, FPPSM students whitethorn get more detailed schooling about how the successful students use their time wisely among school activities and their personal life or amicable life. The look may identify the ways of FPPSM students used to release their stress by using leisure time. Usually, an impressiveness time management by dint of leisure activities can help to overcome the academic stress. Stress is indirectly affected to the academic performance.The look leave alone analyze the life style of FPPSM students and students may learn the importance of balance their national life with leisure time. It helps to release stress and make the count travel more legalness. The look into expected bring sensation toward students to maximise their time and make them used the time more wisely.1.4 Objectives of the StudyThe objectives of this speculate areTo investigate the legalness of time management on the academic performance of FPPSM student.To investigate the difference amidst the successful students and former(a) students in time management.To determine the number of students with proper schedule readiness.1.5 Research QuestionsHow in force(p) is the time management against FPPSM student academic performance?What are the differences betwixt successful students and other students on time management?How many of FPPSM students have proper schedule cookery?1.6 Significance of the studyThe determination of this research bequeath help FPPSM students to manage their time wisely by intimate which items they remove to pay attention to. Assignments that are imputable or order for an upcoming test bequeath be important. In addition, the determination will enable the students to lead a more balanced life by helping them find the time and energy to devote to all the important areas of their life. Besides, students who are under stress caused by work load pressing can be easily forefended with the help of time management. Work will have a go at it on time and their stress level will adhere at a normal range and leave a dictatorial nitty-gritty on their health.1.7 ScopeThis research will be conducted in Faculty of trouble Human mental imagery Development (FPPSM) the respondents are the first, present moment and terce course of instruction of Human mental imagery Development, Management Technology, Marketing, Accounting, and Industrial psychology students. The respondents are 50 students from FPPSM amidst the ages of 19-25 yrs old and they were selected randomly. The questionnaires were distri anded on the 3rd and fourth February 2010.CHAPTER 2LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Definition of duration Management initiative of all, this part of research will start by introducing the definition of time management. Clarke stated that time management is a system, set of woodpeckers and skills that when combined will help you to gain more out of your allocated time and also let you be able to use your time to accomplish what you want and what you request to accomplish. In addition, time management is the control and focus of a persons actions to do everything do fit into specific durations and schedules, and try hard to make that fit happen, whether or not our tasks can actually be accomplished at that time.As we sack out time management is life management. It is the core skill nigh which everything that you do revolves around. It can be said that the smell of your life will be determined by the quality of your time management. Time management is really the external demonstration of self-discipline in your life. The most valuable thing human beings have are time. We can always get more money but once we spend our time it is gone forever. Firstly, to be a successful student they need to light up how valuable time is and then they need to understand the principles if they are waiver to manage it effectively. (Time Management)In addition, time management includes your day-to-day activities as well as your long term future wants and goals you have set for yourself. Some skills include in time management are planning, goal setting, managing your task or scheduling things you need to get do or would like to do. Adiar y is a very useful tool to help student manage their time wisely. In a diary they can schedule their planned things to do ahead of time by discerning what they need to pay attention to such as assignment and edict for an upcoming test. However, improve of time management skills is essential for student to shrink their stress and anxiety which comes from their university life.2.2 trenchantness of Time Management on the academic Performance of FPPSM Student.According to Dozier (2008), with appropriate time management, students will be able to have more accomplishment. He also stated that the benefits of time management. College students will be able to live an ordered life with more extra time. Besides, college students will be able to undertake physical stress and avoid procrastination.According to the study of Ohio University from Karpinski (as cited in Kok and Teo, 2009) result of academic will be influenced if someone spent too much time online. Two blow and nineteen of Face book users were investigated by a research and find that undergraduates had grade channelize averages around 3 to 3.5 is a Facebook users On the other hand, students can get the high GPAs if their less involve in Facebook. The same situation will occur if student prone in playing game. If students can manage their free time or leisure time well, maybe it can avoid their result from getting bad. Someone will forget to do revision if he or she playing game without control. Student who addicted in game pull d witness be talk to study but he or she maybe always thinking about their game. It will totally jeopardize their performance in school and social relationship.The research paper by Ranjitamisra and McKean (2009) investigated the inter relationship among academic stress, anxiety, time management and leisure satisfaction among 249 university undergraduates by age and gender. The results have shown that females experienced higher self-imposed stress and more physiological reaction s to stressors than males. They are managing their time more streamlinedly than males. From the results, we can find that time management has strongly correlate to academic stress. In addition, state anxiety had a greater standstill with reactions to stressors than trait anxiety. Besides, we also find that leisure activities will typically reduce academic stress.In the research titled Total time and competent time management, Study, Study combine to Test, and Rest programming are the factor inherent that will affected to learning and retention (Izawa, 1999). From the research, time management may affect the effectiveness of learning process.Besides, according to Weissberg et al. (as cited in Schumm, 1992), time management is important to most of the undergraduate students and it becomes their primary personal need to make the learning process be more effective. College students are burden by coursework, assignment, part-time jobs, and extracurricular activities. The time manag ement skill is a method to improve undergraduate students self-control. Briton Tesser (as cited in Schumm, 1992) found that at that place is a relationship among student self-report and their grade point averages.2.3 Difference between the Successful Students and Other Students in Time Management. at that place was several pick up point from expert about become a successful students by managing time wisely.Apps (1990) stated that methods of successful students are used to manage their time. The students are blocked to learning mainly cause by time-stealers. Time stealers instrument that we do not have knowingness when time flying. Time stealers include procrastination, unclear priorities, daydreaming, frustration and anxiety. On the other hand, successful students are time savers and time makers. Time savers means that save other time by eliminating the time-stealers. Time-savers include time inventory, weekly time plan, monthly calendar, to-do key and saying no. Then, time-mak ers refer to gain more time in life. Time makers include working more cost-effectively, using spare moments effectively and storing time. (Apps, 1990)According to Rochita (2009), many college students find it hard to balance their time with study and other social activities. Most of them are distracted by social activities and unable to cope with the study. So, college students need to manage or organize their time to maintain their CGPA. Firstly, they can go to a quite place to study instead of study in the dorm. It is because students may be distracted by their roommate. Then, college students should stay organized by writing down all the planning in a planner or notebook. In addition, college students should keep a to-do list above their desks to know what they are supposed to do every day. Lastly, college students should get rid of the clutter.Furthermore, Grabmeier (2009) discussed about the effects of procrastination. Lack of quality of work is one of the effects. It will als o lead to students academic performance and the most important is students work does not accomplish before due date. Besides, Grabmeier also suggested some ways on how to become a successful student.From the research conducted by Britton Glynn (as cited in Schumm, 1992), ninety freshmen were surveyed using an instrument that included items related to choosing goals and sub goals, prioritizing goals, generating tasks and subtasks from the goals, listing the tasks on a to-do list, scheduling them, and then carrying them out. In the expression, it stated that short-range planning, time attitudes and long-range planning are playing roles in college students academic performance. In order to become a successful college student, short-range planning and time attitudes are important to the cumulative grade point average. From this article, an effectiveness time management may be one of the factor affect to their academic performance.2.4 Number of Students with comme il faut Schedule Plan ning.Ex-Ramapo students return for panel discussion with Class of 2010 which report by Loffredo (2010) discussed about, students need manage their time well. For example, balance study time, socializing, entertainment and sport to keep healthy life. Maybe students can finish their work in right time without do until night or finish last minutes. If students finish their work in early time, maybe mistake can be reducing. It can help student get the frank sap in assignment.Besides, from the article Students learn to manage time from University Counselling sum of money sponsors programme to help students succeed and learn to manage time. The author of this article is Jackson, (2004) claimed that student need to manage their time in study and socializing. This is because students can improve their relationship between friends. Daily schedule is needed to manage their time more effectiveness. Stress maybe can be cut down if students have good time management. The more important thing will be through with(p) first before it is too late.According to Barnes (1992), an effective learning depends on self-awareness. The awareness of students may affect the effectiveness of study and directly give effect to the academic performance of students. A research conducted by Maddox (as cited in Barnes, 1992) explained that studying in the afternoon is more efficient than studying at midnight. A proper time management may reduce students hour of studying. Besides that, a good time management could hinder the unnecessary things from consuming more time. The unnecessary things may cause time being wasted. Time management should be measurable. Students may manage their study by including appropriate time for leisure. Students should learn to indentify and list the precession things. Based on Barness opinion, time planning is useful and should be a guideline but should also be flexible. The flexibility of time management allows us to deal with the unexpected things.Then, Hirsch (2001) stated that life is what happens when you are qualification other plans (p.102). It means life is full of unexpected events that can interject with carefully planned schedules. While some interruptions can be avoided by planning activities to make sure each activity are done properly, other things could come up unpredictably. However, no schedule will work all the time.2.5 Past ResearchThis research choose the researches of A semblance between the Time-management Skills and Academic Performance of Mature and Traditional-entry University Students conducted by Trueman and Hartley (1996) and How Business Students guide Their Time Do They Really Know? conducted by tan and Maples et.al as the references to conduct this research.The respondents of the research of Trueman were all the first- yr students of psychology at Keele that were 293 students (Trueman, 1996). On the other hand, the respondents of the research conducted by sixpence were 212 business major students (Tanne r Maples et.al). For our research, there will be 50 respondents from the Faculty of Management and Human choice Development (FPPSM), UTM.The research conducted by Trueman (1996) focused on the relationship between time management skill and the first year students with different ages small-arm the research conducted by Tanner Maples et. al focused on the awareness of business students spending their time. However, our research focuses on how FPPSM students manage their time and it includes first, second and third year students.The research instrument used by Tanner (1996) was logbook. The students were asked to record the time they spent for each activity for a period of one week. However, the research instrument that our group used is questionnaire and interview.From the research conducted by Trueman (1996), he found that the older ripe(p) students (aged more than 25 years) had a better time management skills than traditional-entry students (aged less than 21 years) and borderl ine mature students (aged 21-25 years). In addition, female students have a better time management skill than male students. However, our research does not study these aspects. Furthermore, the research showed no differences between time management skills and academic performance. However, our research will to study the relationship between time management and students performance.From the research conducted by Tanner and Maple et.al, he found that technological distraction caused business students scarified their study time without realizing it. So, our research will determine the number of students who have proper schedule planning.The past research helped our group to have an idea of how to conduct our research and as a guideline for our research.CHAPTER 33.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY3.1 entreThis section discusses the methodology of the research. The main purpose of the research is to investigate the awareness of FPPSM students about the importance of time management. The respondent s are 50 students from FPPSM. Data for the research will be extracted from the questionnaires and also through an interview session.3.2 Research InstrumentsIn this research, two methods of research instruments had been elect to gather the primary selective entropy. These instruments are questionnaire for quantitative research methodology and interview for soft research methodology. A set of 50 sheets of questionnaire containing 18 questions where all of the questions are closed-ended or open-ended questions (Appendix A). on that point are different types of questions to be asked such as likert-scale questions, listing/ excerpt questions, ranking questions in the questionnaire. In this study, the questionnaires were distributed to 50 respondents who are students from FPPSM. Students from FPPSM were selected to reply sets of questionnaire.The qualitative data for this research comes from interview. We are going to interview two students from FPPSM. sensation of the interviewee wh o is a member of Majlis Perwakilan Pelajar (MPP), and another interviewee is a student from FPPSM who CGPA below 3.5. In addition, weprepare a set of questions before the interview (Appendix B). The reason of choosing this method is a lot of important ideas or opinions that cannot be collected through questionnaires.3.3 Respondents of the StudyThe respondents are from first, second and third year of Human Resource Development, Management Technology, Marketing, Accounting, and Industrial Psychology students from FPPSM. A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed to students at different courses and years in February 2010. A total of 50 students from FPPSM returned the questionnaires.The interviewees chosen were Ms Lai Yit Sien and another student who CGPA below 3.5.The reasons for chosen Ms Lai Yit Sien as interviewee are she can manage their study and extra-curricular well, and maintain her CGPA by obtained doyen List in past semester. Ms Lai Yit Sien is a third year student of Hu man Resource Development. She is a member of Majlis Perwakilan Pelajar (MPP). On the other hand, another interviewee is a second year student of Human Resource Development. Her CGPA is below 3.5.3.4 Research ProcedureA pilot study was conducted on 1st February 2010 to access the validity of the research instrument. This pilot study was done before we distribute the questionnaires. Each group prepared five sets of questionnaire and distributed them to other group randomly for pilot test purpose.During the actual study, the questionnaires were distributed to the FPPSM students who are first, second and third year of Human Resource Development, Management Technology, Marketing, Accounting, and Industrial Psychology students. Respondents were approached with an initial question of whether they have scheduling or planning activities for their periodic life. All the questionnaires collected after the respondents answer the questionnaires.3.5 Data AnalysisTo learn the data, the data from questionnaire were calculated and entered into computer manually. Results were presented through frequency counts and other descriptive statistics. Graphs, tables, charts and etc. were used to provide a clear picture on the data analysis. Interview data were used to validate the data from the questionnaire. The data were transferred into writing form.CHAPTER 44.0 FINDING AND DISCUSSION4.1 IntroductionThis section discusses the finding and analysis of the research. The finding and analysis in this past will answer the research question of the research. Time management among FPPSM students can be identified through the section below.4.2 Demographic4.2.1 Number of Students from Each Course innovation A dispersion of Respondents Based on Courses grade A shows the statistical distribution of respondents tortuous in this research based on courses offered at FPPSM. on that point were 11 students from Bachelor of Science (Human Resource Development), 12 students from Bachelor of Managem ent (Technology), Bachelor of Management (Marketing), and Bachelor of Psychology (Industrial and Organizational Psychology) each other. at that place were ternion students from Bachelor of Accountancy. Therefore, the total number of respondents was 50 students.4.2.2 Year of Students intention B Distribution of Respondents Based on Year of Students gens B shows distribution of respondents involved in this research based on year of students. There were 34% of students from first year (17 students), 32% students from second year (16 students), and 34% students from third year (17 students).4.2.3 Gender depend C Distribution of Respondents Based on GenderFigure C shows the gender of FPPSM students involved in this research. There were 38 (76%) female respondents and the other 12 (24%) respondents were male.4.2.4 CGPAFigure D CGPA of FPPSM students Involved in This ResearchFigure D shows that the CGPA of respondents in this research. 29 out of 50 students achieved the CGPA 3.5 to 4.0. Twenty students have achieved 3.0-3.49, and only one student achieved the CGPA 2.5 to 2.99. Furthermore, there were no students CGPA were below 2.5.4.3 Relationship between Time Management and Academic Performance4.3.1 Effective Time ManagementFigure E relative frequency of Distribution in Surfing the profit of Effective Time Management (extra-activities).Figure E shows the time spent by respondent surfing the Internet in a day. There were around 50 percent of the respondents spent less than three hours surfing the Internet mundane and 30 percent of the respondents spent more than six hours surfing internet in a day. Surfing internet may be a way to help students to get the information about study and assignment. On the other hand, some of FPPSM students are addicted in surfing internet.Figure F Frequency of Distribution on the Elements of Effective Time Management (extra-activities).Figure F shows the frequency of distribution on the elements in effective time management. There are 25 out of 50 respondents turn back that they have the habit of answer at least once a week. Besides that, there are around 21 respondents agree that they go for shopping, watch ikon and other entertainment at least once a month. There are a number of respondents that are about 35 percent of the respondents having entertainment at least once in 2 weeks. Entertainment like shopping and watching movie are the ways to help students to release stress. However, students should avoid having too much entertainment in their life because it may affect their academic performance.Figure G Frequency Distribution of Elements in Effectiveness Time Management (study).Figure G shows the time of revision that most preferred by FPPSM students. Majority of the respondents start their revision a week before examination. There were not more than ten percent of the respondents start their revision a day before examination.Elements well-knitly agree jibDisagreeStrong disagreeDo not procrastinate252 221Study time plan1323113Balance in social and study1522121Table A Frequency of Distribution on the Elements (study) of Effective Time Management.According to Table A, majority of the respondents that are more than 50 percents of the respondents agree that they do not procrastinate, having study plan, and able to balance both their social activities and study.4.3.2 Non-Effective Time ManagementElementsStrongly agreeAgreeDisagreeStrongly disagreeParticipate in social activities and cut down study4171811Time full of unnecessary socializing8102111Table B Frequency of Distribution on the Elements of Non-Effective Time Management.From Table B, it shows the frequency distribution of elements in non-effectiveness time management among FPPSM students. There are 11 out of 50 respondents disagree strongly that they will participate in social activities even they know they should be studying, and their time full of unnecessary socializing. Generally, more than fractional of the respondents d isagree that they will participate in social activities even they know they should be studying, and unnecessary socializing takes up too much of their days.The finding able to answer the research objective that effective time management affects academic performance. Based on the findings, there are around 60 percent of FPPSM students getting CGPA more than 3.5 and having effectiveness time management. This proves that there are a relationship between effective time management and academic performance.According to Figure E, F, and G, they show the frequency of distribution on the elements of effective time management in extra-activities and also study. There are more than 50 percent of the respondents able to balance their extra-activities and study. There is not much difference between the numbers of respondents that surf the Internet less than three hours per day and exceed six hours per day. Internet is the most important tool in students life. Students may surf the Internet for e ntertainment, social networking, or information searching. Besides that, most of the respondents have a habit in exercise at least once a week. Exercise is a way to release stress. Thus, they are able to perform well with healthy trunk and mind. It is because exercise can facilitate blood circulation. So, they are easy to memorize the note if fresh in mind.Self discipline is one of the elements of effective time management. According to the findings, most of the respondents do not procrastination to complete assignments. It is because they have good discipline in managing their time. Most of them can follow their study schedule. Therefore, they can do their tasks systematically to prevent last minute work. As a result, they can produce more perfect and less mistake assignments in order to get the higher marks for their assignments. Indirectly, it will improve their academic performance.According to Barnes (1992), an effective learning depends on self-awareness. The awareness of stu dents may affect the effectiveness of study and directly give effect to the academic performance. Based on the findings, majority of the respondents have self-awareness. Therefore, they aware their own responsibilities as a student are to accomplish their assignments and get the good results. In order to fulfill their responsibilities, they always have time schedule to finish assignments on time. Therefore, marks will not be deducted by lecturer. The effectiveness of time management will improve the academic performance.From the findings, most of the respondents have study time plan and do revision a week before examination. It shows the respondents feel that organizing and planning their time to study and do revision is important to their academic performance. A proper time planning may reduce students hour of studying at midnight. A research conducted by Maddox (as cited in Barnes, 1992) explained that studying in the afternoon is more efficient than studying at midnight. Besides that, the students can choose the more adapted time for them to study. By having an effective time plan, respondents have sufficient time to study and understand the content of study. As a result, they can news report better in the examination.4.4 Difference between Successful Students and Other Students in Time ManagementSuccessful student(more than CGPA3.5)Other student (lower than CGPA3.5)1. What is your opinion about time management?Way to manage time in daily activitiesWay to distribute time and complete daily task2. Do you think time management is important to the